The Hijri year is about 11 days shorter than the solar year.

Each day begins at sunset and each month with the sighting of the crescent moon.

The Hijri year is a lunar year of 354 days, 12 months (Muharram to Dhul Hijja) of 29 or 30 days. A date in the Hijri calendar is followed by the letters AH. The Hijri era was established during the caliphate of Umar, with the first year falling in 622 CE. Many new crops such as cotton, oranges, bananas, watermelon, spinach and brinjal began to grow and even exported to Europe. By the initiatives of peasants and state support the agriculture began to increase. Tax concessions were granted to those people who brought land under cultivation. To ensure agricultural prosperity it took several measures such as canals were constructed, dams were built, the digging of wells, etc. Agricultural prosperity and political stability went hand-in-hand. To meet the shortfall, the Caliphs decided to discourage the conversions and later adopted a uniform land revenue policy.ДЄfter 10th century, the state authorised its officials to claim salaries from the agricultural territories called Iqtas (The person who held the Iqtas came to be known as Iqtadars). When non-Muslims started converting to Islam, the land revenue income fell dramatically. While the land cultivated by the Muslims were levied 1/10th of tax, known as ushr as land The land conquered by the Arabs, which remained in the hands of the owners were subjected to a tax, called Kharaj, varied from 1/2 to 1/5th of the produce. The chief among them were the members of KhalifaвЂ™s (CaliphвЂ™s) army. Later on these states were handed over to Muslim elites. After Islamic conquests, big estates were abandoned and acquired by the state. Land was owned by the small and big farmers and in some cases by the state. The bulk of income of the state was derived from the agricultural land. It also remained a major occupation in newly acquired territories. Today this religion is adopted by the people of different countries of Asia and Africa.Keeping the above examples in mind, we can conclude that throughout the history human beingвЂ™s interest in religion went hand in hand.ДЄnswer: Agricultural was the main occupation of the settled population, since long. While trading, they also spread Christianity into different countries. They brought with them the ideas of Christianity. spread their trading relations in many countries. the traders of England, Holland, France, etc. The traders of the western countries, i.e. Due to its simplicity in principle, Islam was adopted by many Indians and in the same way it spread into Spain, Syria, Iran and Iraq. They carried with them the ideas of newly founded religion, i.e. The Arab traders in the medieval period established their trade relations with India and many other countries of Europe and Asia.

These two religions were adopted by the people of Jawa, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, etc. The ideology of Buddhism and Hinduism became the part and parcel of their culture. While travelling and trading to these nations they also took with them the ideas and practices of the religion. Answer: From the very beginning, evidence has been traced out that Indian traders traveled to the different countries of South East Asia for trade in gold, tin, spices, etc.

The abbasid revolution took place in